Thinking essay

 

Thinking is the mental activity that is involved in the understanding, processing, and communicating of information. In order to do this process we need: Symbols, prototypes, and concepts. A symbol is an object or an act that stands for something else. When thinking, we often use symbols to represent the things which we are thinking. Concept means to group or grouping. When we think, we often tend to mentally group together objects, events, or ideas that have similar characteristics. Concept means to group or grouping. When we think, we often tend to mentally group together objects, events, or ideas that have similar characteristics.

Solving problems involves a series of processes including analyzing the problem, breaking it into component parts and establishing goals. Algorithms: a specific procedure that when used properly, will always lead to the solution of the problem. Sort of short cuts.

Trial and Error: you know what your goal is, but you have no idea how to reach it, similar to systematic but less reliable. Difference Reduction: when we identify our goal. Means-End Analysis: when we know that certain things we can do will have certain results. Working Backward: is the same method of means-ends analysis, with the exception that you start by examining your final goal. You know your goal, you just don’t know to accomplish it. Analogies: is a similarity between two or more items, events, and situations

Creativity requires divergent thinking.

-Divergent thinking: one associates more freely to the various elements of a problem.

-Convergent thinking: the thought limited to available facts.

Assessing the problem: examining its part and making sure that you understand it. Brainstorming Approaches: the free, spontaneous production of possible approaches or solutions to a problem. Choosing an Approach: the problem solver must choose which approach to take and which course of action to follow. Evaluating the results: is when the goal is achieved

 

To make decisions based on limited information. The representative heuristic: people make decision about a sample according to the population that the sample appears to represent. Availability heuristic: people also make decisions on information that is available. The anchoring heuristic: a shortcut that people sometimes take in making decision. Framing effect: refers to the way in which wording affects decision making.

 

Language contain three basic elements: phonemes (sound), morphemes (meaning), and syntax (grammar). Phonemes: are the basic sound of language. These include not only alphabet but vowels. Morphemes: the units of meaning in a language. Morphemes are made up by phonemes, they also can be suffixes or prefixes. Syntax: the way in which words are arranged to make phrases and sentences. Uses the pattern of: subject, verb, and object of verb.

Crying, cooing, and babbling: this are not considered language because they do not used symbols with specific meaning. Words, words, words: after babbling comes this, true language. Most children learn this at 18 months old. Developing of grammar: the meaning of sentences. Children start making sentences often using over regularization.

 

Thinking is included in our daily life. We think unconsciously and consciously all the time. It gets to the point when you do things in a way that it feels so natural to you. Language is what we need most in life, if you cannot communicate with someone you feel impotent and frustrated.